Laporan Praktikum 1

1.        Titles

The Separating Process of water-oil mixtures

2.      Objectives

To Separate water-oil mixtures by using their  physicals properties.

3.      Theory

Oil and water have many differences. The first, oil is non polar reagent and water is a polar reagent., so they can not be mixed. The ”Like dissolve like” principle say, a substance will only dissolve in a suitable solvent. Which are polar substances will dissolve in polar substances and non polar substances will dissolve in non  polar substances . Oil and water also have different density. To separate the mixtures of them, their specific mass (massa jenis) can be used as a principle.

4.        Materials

1.      25 ml of water

2.      25 ml of oil

5.      Equipments

• Statif  (1)
• Double clamp (1)
• Separating Funnel 25 ml (1)
• Ring  (1)
• Beaker glass 100 ml (2)
• Graduated Cylinder 25 ml (2)
• Drop pipets (2)

6.        Procedures

1. The first step, The statif, double clamp and the ring are combined.
2. The water and the oil are measured by graduated cylinder, 25 ml  oil and  25 ml  water. After that, they are poured into the separating funnel, and they are shaken
3. After that, the separating funnel is placed in the ring.
4. The beaker glass is put under the separating funnel. We were waiting  until the oil and the water are separated, and then the tap of the funnel is opened to let the liquids come out.
5. The water and oil are measured again.

7.        Results

The mixtures of water  and oil is successfully separated. But there are different volume before and after the separating process

Reagents	Before	After
Water	25 ml	23 ml
Oil	25 ml	24,5 ml

8.      Discussions

From the experiment above, the water-oil mixtures is separated by using ther specific mass. The water is heavier  than oil, so the water take place under the water in the mixtures. So the water and oil can be easily separated.

There are different volume are occurred after the separating process. The reason is, theres still remain water and oil in the separating funnel’s wall, because of the adhesive forces between them,  so the volume are decreased.

9.      Conclusions

The water-oil mixtures is separated by using their specific mass

10.    Question-Answer

1.       What are the differences between oil and water?

The differences are, the water is polar and the oils is non polar. The second, the water’s specific mass is heavier than the oils, or the density of them are different.

2.      Why oil and water cannot be mixed?

The water is polar, and the oil is non-polar.  The ”Like dissolve like” principle say, a substance will only dissolve in a suitable solvent. Which are polar substances will dissolve in polar substances and non polar substances will dissolve in non  polar substances

3.      What is the principle use to separate oil and water ?

The principle use the separate oil and water is the specific mass (density) of each substance.